1. 首頁 > 生活百科 >

如何提高雅思閱讀效率

如何提高雅思閱讀效率呢?小編建議準備雅思閱讀的童鞋，提高詞匯量、熟練語法知識、學會快速閱讀、學會定位 。下面小編就和大家分享提高雅思閱讀效率該怎么做，希望能夠幫助到大家，來欣賞一下吧 。
如何提高雅思閱讀效率?
提高詞匯量
雅思閱讀效率的提高不是光掌握一些閱讀方法就可以了，還要有扎實的基礎 。如果沒有大量的詞匯，看一篇文章，滿眼都是#￥%&…這還怎么做題?所以同學們要提高雅思閱讀詞匯量 。提高詞匯量的辦法很簡單，就是需要大家踏踏實實堅持不斷的反復背誦反復記憶 。具體的背誦方法大家可以參考前面分享的如何高效備考雅思詞匯 。
語法知識熟練
雅思閱讀的語法考察雖然不像托福考試，專門出了一些試題 。但是卻滲透在字里行間，對語法的要求更為高級 。常考的語法知識點就是各種長難句的結構分析 。雅思閱讀文章中常見的從句有：名詞性從句(賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句)、形容詞性從句(定語從句)、非謂語結構(動詞不定式、現在分詞、過去分詞)，同學們只要掌握了以上幾大知識點，語法應該不是大問題 。
學會快速閱讀
快速閱讀是雅思閱讀備考必須掌握的一項基本能力 。快速閱讀又包括兩種技能：泛讀和略讀 。泛讀是指廣泛閱讀大量涉及不同領域的書籍，不需要掌握細節，只要了解書中主要內容即可 。略讀又稱跳讀(readingand skipping)或瀏覽(glancing)，要求讀者有選擇地進行閱讀，不重要的細節都可以跳過，需要抓住文章的重點內容 。
學會定位
上面講了快速閱讀的方法，接下來我們具體分享快速定位做題的方法 。雅思閱讀做題最主要的技能就是快速定位 。定位詞一般是題目中變化性最小的詞性才能充當定位詞，一般情況下以具象名詞為主，主要包括：首字母大寫的信息，數字，時間，與人相關的信息(身份、職業)，學科等、新鮮詞匯和絕對生詞 。我們根據題干中的這些定位詞到原文中找對應的信息，然后將原文與題干就行比較，最后得出答案 。
雅思閱讀材料：時間與幸福指數的關系
While on vacation in distant locales, people often find that time movesquite differently than in the places they’re used to. In the tropics, we settleinto the grooves of “island time” and relax thanks to a more leisurely rhythm. Atrip to a big city can leave us exhilarated but also drained by the energeticwhir of life there.
據科技雜志Nautilus報道，當人們去遠方度假時，往往會發現時間過得與平時很不一樣 。熱帶地區悠閑的節奏讓我們習慣于“島上的時間”，過得更加放松 。去大城市令人興奮，卻也被充滿活力的快節奏生活弄得筋疲力盡 。
The different paces of different communities also seem to be connected toother cultural characteristics. Robert Levine and his colleagues have studiedthe speed of life in cities around the world and across the U.S. In a series ofexperiments they measured how fast solitary pedestrians in a downtown corecovered a distance of 60 feet (being careful to exclude those who are obviouslywindow shopping), timed how long it took to complete a simple commercialtransaction, and recorded the accuracy of randomly selected clocks in thedowntown business area. They found that places with a faster pace of life alsohad more robust economies (as measured by GDP per capita, average purchasingpower, and average caloric intake), and that people in larger cities tended tomove faster than those in less populated areas. They also found truth to thestereotype that people move slower in hotter places.
群體間不同的生活節奏是與他們的文化有關的 。羅伯特?萊文和他的同事們對全球各個城市和美國各地的生活節奏做了一個調查 。通過一系列的實驗，他們計算出了每個城市里的人走過60英尺需要的時間(他們仔細地將其中明顯是在逛街的人排除在外)，計算了一樁買賣成交需要的時間，并且記錄了在中心商業區隨機挑選的時鐘的準確性 。他們發現節奏快的地方往往是那些經濟更加發達的地方(通過對比人均GDP、平均購買力還有平均熱量攝入)，并且人們在大城市里比在人口少的地方走得更快 。他們也發現了人們在熱的地方走得更慢這一慣例 。
So as you might expect, fast-moving people are associated with fast-movingeconomies. But does that faster life translate into greater happiness? In fasterplaces (specifically, economically developed areas of North America, WesternEurope, and Asia), people were more likely to smoke, less likely to take thetime to help strangers in need, and more likely to die from coronary heartdisease. Yet Levine and his colleagues found that residents in faster placestended to report feeling somewhat happier with their lives than those who livedin slower places. A city’s pace of life was indeed “significantly related” tothe physical, social, and psychological well-being of its inhabitants.
正如你所想象的那樣，快節奏的人們和高速增長的經濟相關 。但是快節奏的生活就意味著幸福么?在快節奏的地方(尤其是經濟發達地區，如北美、西歐和亞洲)，更多的人抽煙，更少的人會去幫助那些需要幫助的人，并且更容易死于冠心病 。但是萊文和他的同事們發現，在快節奏城市生活的人覺得自己比那些生活在慢節奏城市的人更加幸福 。一個城市的生活節奏明顯與居民的身體健康、社會意識和心理狀態息息相關 。
Perhaps the higher reported rates of happiness simply reflect the fact thatfaster places have more robust economies. But the relationship between incomeand reported happiness is far from obvious. According to the “Easterlin paradox”(named after economist Richard Easterlin), once people have enough money to meettheir basic needs, having more money is not necessarily correlated with higherself-reported happiness. Easterlin’s claims are controversial and notuniversally accepted; even if his theory is correct, wealthier nations might behappier overall if they address the basic needs to more of their people. In anycase, the ongoing debate indicates that we need to tread carefully when makingconnections between happiness and overall economic factors.
也許更高的幸福指數反應出了這樣一個事實：快節奏的城市擁有更好的經濟發展 。但是收入與幸福指數間的關系并不明顯 。根據伊斯特林悖論(以經濟學家理查德?伊斯特林的名字命名)，一旦人們擁有足夠的錢滿足基本的生活需求，收入與幸福指數關聯得并不緊密 。伊斯特林悖論存在著爭議也沒有被普遍接受，盡管他的理論是對的，在滿足了更多人們的基本生活需求時，總的來說更富有的國家幸福指數會高些 。無論如何，依舊持續著的爭議告訴我們將幸福指數和整體經濟因素進行關聯時需要多加小心 。
Among individuals in a society, busyness—or the feeling of busyness—seemsto be an important factor in well-being. That feeling of busyness—of having alot to do and too little time in which to do itis often associated with stressand anxiety. However in many contexts being “busy” is badge of honor: Busyparents are seen as devoted to their children’s well-being, the busy real estateagent must be closing lots of sales, and the busy lawyer can charge a premiumhourly rate. In US studies, the happiest people reported that they were busy, inthe sense that they had little excess time, yet did not feel rushed. Likebig-city dwellers, they seemed to thrive at a faster pace.
對社會中的個體來說，忙碌——或者感覺忙碌——似乎是影響狀態的重要因素 。忙碌的感覺——有很多的事情要做，卻沒有多少時間的感覺經常帶來壓力與焦慮 。但在很多的情況下，忙碌是一個光榮的標志：忙碌的父母被認為是為了讓孩子過得好;忙碌的房地產經紀人則與客戶更加親密;忙碌的律師的時薪也更高 。在美國的調查發現，幸福指數的人都很忙，也就意味著他們沒有多余的時間，也不覺得匆忙 。就好像大城市的居民們，他們似乎喜歡更快的生活節奏 。
Levine’s work raises the intriguing possibility that an individual’sfeelings about their use of time contribute as much or more to their happinessas does economics. Now the big challenge is to find out which way the causalchain works: Does the feeling of being active, yet not rushed, contribute tohappiness? Or does happiness allow people to perceive their use of time inpositive ways?
萊文的研究顯示了對時間利用的個人感覺可能比經濟更加影響幸福指數 。現在的問題時需要找出這樣的影響是怎樣發生的：是因為充實并不匆忙的感覺令人幸福?還是幸福讓人們更加積極地利用他們的時間?
雅思閱讀材料：人變胖是什么原理
The discovery of the obesity gene in humans half a decade ago offeredevidence that chronic weight gain is the consequence of a mismatch betweennature and nurture. Simplistic explanations, such as blaming obesity on a dropin fat consumption, ignore scientific reality. In countries like India andChina, obesity was virtually unknown until the introduction of a high-fat,western-style diet.
One well-known reason for this is that dietary fat converts to (轉換為 )bodyfat more efficiently than does protein or carbohydrate, but recently scientistshave uncovered what appears to be an equally important factor. Some researchersin universities are investigating the possibility that high levels of fat andfructose are mucking up(擾亂 ) our brain chemistry, and thereby muting the signalsthat would normally tell us to put down the fork. These signals are produced bypeptides, which are regulated by a number of hormones. Under normal conditionsthese hormones help maintain a stable body weight by adjusting levels of thepeptides that control eating. But a diet loaded with fat and fructose hampersthe regulation of these hormones. Complicating matters still further is that thebrain loses its ability to respond to these hormones as body fat increases -- sothe obese are doubly penalized.
Other researchers are finding evidence that constant exposure to fat andsugar can cause some humans to crave (渴望)them as they do an addictive drug. APrinceton University psychologist recently showed that rats fed a high sugardiet were, when the sugar was removed, thrown into a state of anxiety similar tothat seen in withdrawal from morphine or nicotine. Sarah Leibowitz, aneurobiologist, believes that frequent exposure to fatty foods may configure thebrain to crave still more fat. She has shown in animal studies that galanin, abrain peptide that simulates eating behavior and decreases energy expenditure,increases when the animal eats a high-fat diet.
There are many factors contributing to the explosion of obesity in theUnited States, and the world, but the radical changes in the composition of ourdiet are first among them. While scientific work in this area is in its infancy,it's already clear that varying the amount of fat and other nutrients in thediet affects brain chemistry by activating certain genes, and this in turndirects our dietary preferences. By submitting ourselves to a steady dose ofhighly processed, sweet, high-fat foods, we have unwittingly entered into adangerous experiment, the long term consequences of which are only now beginningto surface.


如何提高雅思閱讀效率

    推薦閱讀