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用英文介紹貝爾法斯特的經濟


Economy of Belfast貝爾法斯特的經濟
Belfast was initially built on trade through Belfast Harbour. Later, industry contributed to its growth, particularly shipbuilding and linen. At the beginning of the 20th century Belfast was both the largest producer of linen in the world and also boasted the world's largest shipyard. civil unrest crippled the city's industry for many years but with the recent republican and loyalist ceasefires, and the St Andrews Agreement in 2006, the city's economy is thriving once again.
貝爾法斯特最初是建立在貝爾法斯特的港灣 。
后來,工業對其增長起到了很大的貢獻.尤其是船舶和亞麻行業 。
在20世紀初,貝爾法斯特即是世界上最大的亞麻生產商,又是世界上最大的船舶港口 。
民事的動蕩重創了城市行業很多年,但最近的共和黨和親信停火,和2006圣安德魯斯協議的簽訂,這個城市的經濟又一次回復了繁榮.
History of the economy 貝爾法斯特經濟歷史
When the population of Belfast town began to grow in the seventeenth century, its economy was built on merce.[3] It provided a market for the surrounding countryside and the natural inlet of Belfast Lough gave the city its own port. The port supplied an avenue for trade with the mainland and later Europe and North America. In the mid-seventeenth century, Belfast exported beef, butter, hides, tallow and corn and it imported coal, cloth, wine, brandy, paper, timber and tobacco.[3] Around this time, the linen trade in Northern Ireland blossomed and by the middle of the eighteenth century, one fifth of all the linen exported from Ireland was shipped from Belfast.[3]. The present city however is a product of the Industrial Revolution.[4] It was not until industry transformed the linen and shipbuilding trades that the economy and the population boomed. By the turn of the nieenth century, Belfast had transformed into the largest linen producing centre in the world[1], earning the nickname "Linenopolis".
當小鎮的人口開始增長在十七世紀的時候,它是建立在經濟貿易 。
它提供了對周圍的村莊和天然的進口的市場,根據自己城市的港口.這個港口不僅提供了與中國大陸的貿易,由來又有和歐洲和北美的貿易 。
在十七世紀中葉,貝爾法斯特出口牛肉、黃油、皮革、牛油、玉米和它進口煤炭、布料、酒、白蘭地、造紙、木材、煙草 。
在這個時候,麻貿易在北愛爾蘭蓬勃發展.在18世紀,五分之一的愛爾蘭亞麻布從貝爾法斯特出口 。
現在的城市是一個工業革命的產物 。
經濟和人口得到蓬勃發展是從產業轉變成麻、造船行業之后 。
到在十九世紀,貝爾法斯特已轉變成了一個最大的亞麻生產中心,并在在世界上取得了 Linenopolis”的稱號 。
Belfast harbour was dredged in 1845 to provide deeper berths for larger ships. Donegall Quay was built out into the river as the harbour was developed further and trade flourished.[5] The Harland and Wolff shipbuilding firm was created in 1861 and by the time the Titanic was built in Belfast in 1912, they boasted the largest shipyard in the world.[2]
貝爾法斯特港口在1845年竣工,它提供了一個更大的船舶停泊泊位.Donegall 碼頭在原有的基礎上擴建,其促進了貿易的進一步的發展. 哈蘭德和沃爾夫造船公司成立于1861年.在1912年,泰坦尼克在貝爾斯特建造,因此引以為榮的成為了世界上最大的船廠.
The rise of mass-produced and cotton clothing following World War I were some of the factors which led to the decline of Belfast's international linen trade.[1] Like many British cities dependent on traditional heavy industry, Belfast suffered serious decline since the 1960s, exacerbated greatly in the 1970s and 1980s by the civil unrest of The Troubles. More than 100,000 manufacturing jobs have been lost since the 1970s.[6]. For several decades, Northern Ireland's fragile economy required significant public support from the British exchequer of up to GB?4 billion per year.[6] ongoing sectarian violence made it difficult for Belfast to pete with Ireland's Celtic Tiger economy, with Dublin producing some 70bn Euro GDP annually.
一次世界大戰對于大量棉麻衣服的上升等因素導致了貝爾法斯特國際棉麻貿易的減少.像大多數英國城市一樣,由于依靠貿易工業的影響,貝爾發斯特從1960年后遭受了嚴重的重創,并且加重了北愛爾蘭的民族沖突.從1970年后,超過10萬人在生產工業失業. 幾十年來,北愛爾蘭的脆弱的經濟需要從英國財政部下劃約每年 40億英鎊的支助 。
Current economy 現在經濟
However, the IRA Ceasefire in 1995 and the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998 have given investors increased confidence to invest in Belfast. This has led to a period of sustained economic growth and large-scale redevelopment of the city centre. New developments include Victoria Square, the Cathedral Quarter, and the Laganside with the new Odyssey plex and the landmark Waterfront Hall.
在1995,英格蘭共和軍停火和1998年簽署的貝爾法斯特和平協議增加了投資者對貝爾法斯特投資的信心.這些因素導致了貝爾法斯特城市大規模且持續的發展.這些新的發展包括維多利亞廣場,蘭更曬特大教堂與新奧德賽那些復雜而又具有里程碑意義的海濱大廳 。
Two other major developments will see the regeneration of the Titanic Quarter, and the erection the Obel Tower, a skyscraper set to be the tallest tower on the island until eclipsed by the U2 Tower in Dublin.[7] In 2007, Belfast's launched its vision for a World Trade Centre (currently a 'virtual' centre but with plans to bee a physical building) which aims to promote the city to the international business market.
另外兩個主要的發展會看到再生的泰坦尼克地區的重建,和ObeL塔的安裝,一座摩天大樓是最高的大廈在島上的U2塔直到黯然失色 。
在都柏林,2007年貝爾法斯特的推出了世界貿易中心旨在促進城市的國際商業市場.
Today, Belfast is Northern Ireland's educational and mercial hub. It is now in the top five fastest growing regional economies in the UK. In February 2006, Belfast's unemployment rate stood at 4.2%, lower than both the Northern Ireland and the UK average of 5.5%. Over the past 10 years employment has grown by 16.4 per cent, pared with 9.2 per cent for the UK as a whole.
今天,貝爾法斯特為北愛爾蘭的教育和商業中心 。
是英國排在前五名的區域經濟增長最快的城市 。
在2006年2月,貝爾法斯特的失業率為4.2%,低于北愛爾蘭和英國的5.5%的失業率.在過去10年,就業率增長了16.4%,而英國總體的就業率僅為9.2%.
Northern Ireland's peace dividend has also led to soaring property prices in the city. In 2006, Belfast saw house prices grow by 43%, the fastest rate of growth in the UK. In March 2007, the average house in Belfast cost GB?191,819, with the average in South Belfast being GB?241,000. In 2004, Belfast had the lowest owner occupation rate in Northern Ireland at 54%.
北愛爾蘭和平紅利還導致在這座城市里房地長的飆升 。
在2006年,貝爾法斯特房價增長了43%,是英國最快的增長率 。
在2007年3月,平均花費在貝爾法斯特為191,819英鎊,南部貝爾法斯特的平均花費為241,000英鎊 。
在2004年,貝爾法斯特在北愛爾蘭有著最低的職業失業率.
首先說明，由于英文水平有限，這段話是我從維基百科綜合編輯出的，所以并非原創，請體諒 。文中對地名及人名作了注釋
【用英文介紹貝爾法斯特的經濟】On the way back to Seriphos Island（塞里福斯島，珀爾修斯在此斬殺美杜莎并取其首級）, Perseus（珀爾修斯） stopped in the kingdom of Ethiopia（埃塞俄比亞，今非洲東部一國家）. This mythical Ethiopia was ruled by King Cepheus（刻甫斯） and Queen Cassiopeia（卡西俄珀亞，即天空中的仙后座） Cassiopeia, having boasted her daughter Andromeda（安德洛墨達， 即天空中的仙女座） equal in beauty to the Nereids（海神涅柔斯的女兒們）, drew down the vengeance of Poseidon（波塞冬）, who sent an inundation on the land and a sea serpent, Cetus（一條名為塞特斯的鯨魚海怪，即天空中的鯨魚座）, which destroyed man and beast. The oracle of Ammon（阿蒙神，古代埃及的太陽神） announced that no relief would be found until the king exposed his daughter Andromeda to the monster, and so she was fastened naked to a rock on the shore. Perseus slew the monster and, setting her free, claimed her in marriage.Perseus married Andromeda in spite of Phineus（菲紐斯）, to whom she had before been promised. At the wedding a quarrel took place between the rivals, and Phineus was turned to stone by the sight of Medusa's（美杜莎） head that Perseus had kept. Andromeda ("queen of men") followed her husband to Tiryns（梯林斯） in Argos（阿哥斯）, and became the ancestress of the family of the Perseidae who ruled at Tiryns through her son with Perseus, Perses（珀耳塞斯）.After her death she was placed by Athena（雅典娜） amongst the constellations in the northern sky, near Perseus and Cassiopeia.

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